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In simple terms, research methodology refers to the methods used to find answers to the research questions you've set. It is one of the most crucial elements that determines the quality of your research. The discussion around research methodology should focus on whether the chosen methods can effectively address the research problem.


 

Research Methodology and Citation

What is Research Methodology?

Even with a well-chosen research topic, using an incorrect research method can diminish the overall value of the research. Thus, selecting an appropriate research method is a key aspect of the paper-writing process. Once the topic is defined and prior research is reviewed, you need to decide how to prove the problem. Collecting data and selecting the structure of your paper are critical indicators of your research methodology, so these decisions should be made carefully. 

Collecting Supporting Data

To support your topic, you need to gather data through literature review or data collection. In the natural sciences, this often involves collecting data through experiments and meticulously documenting tools and methods. In social sciences, humanities, and arts, the methodology is generally described in a more rational manner.

 

Describing Your Research Methodology

In describing your research methodology, you should start with a basic explanation of the research process and then list detailed information about the research subjects, experimental methods, analysis methods, and measurement tools. When detailing the research subjects, you should clearly state the basis for selecting the subjects, the procedures involved, and specific details.
 

   - Who will participate?

   - How many participants will there be?

   - How will you select the research subjects?

In describing experimental methods, tools, and analysis, provide a clear explanation of the experimental tools or measurement instruments used. Every aspect of your research methodology, including experimental methods and data analysis, should be described as accurately and thoroughly as possible. Inaccurate descriptions can undermine the credibility of your paper and, if persistent, may lead to ethical issues in research. Finally, regarding measurement tools, you need to address the operational definitions of variables, measurement criteria, and a review of prior research.

 

Citation

When using data collected through literature reviews in your paper, accurate citation of sources is required. This is known as 'citation.' Improper citation can lead to issues related to plagiarism if sources are not accurately credited. Therefore, it is crucial to follow correct citation practices.

Citations can be divided into two methods: direct citation and indirect citation. Direct Citation involves quoting the original text verbatim without modification. This is typically done using quotation marks or phrases like "Stated" or "In the words of." Indirect Citation involves borrowing the meaning of a sentence and rephrasing it, which can sometimes lead to issues if not done clearly.

Researchers often prefer direct citation because it is straightforward and avoids potential issues with paraphrasing. However, if you prefer to use indirect citation, ensure you rephrase the content effectively while preserving the original meaning. After completing your sentences, compare them with the original text to ensure they are not too similar, no critical points are omitted, and no identical expressions are used. This process helps avoid plagiarism concerns. Once you have thoroughly checked these aspects, finalize the citations with proper references.